Copyright and Licensing

Articles published from 2 October 2026 onwards

• Licence: Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. It allows the article to be shared, copied and adapted in any medium, including for commercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given to the authors and to the journal as the place of first publication and that any changes are indicated.
• Copyright: Copyright remains with the authors, who retain their copyright and publishing rights without restriction. Authors grant the journal the right of first publication.
• Agreement: After acceptance, authors sign the Copyright and Licence Agreement.
• Display in the article: The copyright holder and licence are shown on the article page and on the first page of the PDF as follows: “© [Year] [Authors]. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.”

Articles published before 2 October 2026 (2013–2026)

These articles were published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence, which remains in force: they may be shared for non-commercial purposes, without modification and with credit to the authors and the journal. In these articles, the journal is shown as the copyright holder.

Third-party content

Where an article uses tables, figures, images, photographs of works, documents or data owned by others, the authors obtain the necessary permissions and cite the source. Any content not covered by the article’s licence is clearly identified.

Website content

The journal’s information and policy texts on this website may also be reused under CC BY 4.0 with credit to the journal. The journal’s name and logo are not covered by this licence.