Cilt 8 Sayı 50 (2020)

Araştırma Makalesi

Küreselleşen Çölleşme ve Kuraklık Sorunu: Uluslararası Sistemde Ekilebilir Tarım Alanlarının Kırılganlığı

Yayımlandı 30.07.2020

Cilt 8 Sayı 50 kapak

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çölleşme ve kuraklık sorununun küresel boyutta tarım alanlarına etkisi üzerinde durulmaktadır. Tüm dünyada ve özellikle bazı kıtalarda etkisini bölgeden bölgeye daha fazla gösteren çölleşme, insan geleceğini endişelendirecek faktörleri içinde barındırmaktadır. Tarım alanlarına doğrudan zarar vererek gıda kırılganlığı yaratma riski bu olumsuz faktörler arasında yer almaktadır. Çölleşmenin insan yaşam kalitesini azaltacağı ve diğer bitki ve canlı yaşam alanlarını tehdit riski, uluslararası sistemin üzerinde önemle durması gereken çok önemli bir konudur. Bu kapsamda, çalışmada, küresel çölleşmenin yaratacağı olumsuz etkiyle birlikte tarım alanlarının ve ekilebilir tarım alanlarının azalmasına ve tarım mahsul veriminin düşme risklerine dikkat çekilmektedir. Çalışmada, çölleşmenin yaratacağı diğer sorunlar arasında, iklime bağlı göç ve çatışmalar ve küresel açlık ile tahıl ve gıda eksikliğine bağlı sosyoekonomik istikrarsızlığa vurgu yapılmaktadır. Çalışmada, küresel çölleşme, kuraklık ve ekilebilir tarım alanlarına ilişkin literatür taraması yapılmış olup, literatürden seçilen kaynak bilgilere çalışmada yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma, haritalar, grafik ve tablolar ile çölleşmeye ilişkin araştırmalar ve analizler ile desteklenmiştir. Sayfa sınırlılığı nedeniyle, çölleşmeyi tetikleyen küresel ısınma gibi diğer faktörler ele alınmamış ve ekilebilir tarım alanları dışında çölleşmenin ana etken olarak doğrudan zarar verdiği çevre konuları çalışmanın inceleme alanı dışında tutulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler Çölleşme, kuraklık, ekilebilir tarım, gıda güvenliği, açlık, kırılganlık

Abstract

Globalizing Desertification and Drought Problem: The Vulnerability of Agricultural Lands in the International System

This study focuses globally on the effects of desertification and drought on agricultural lands. Desertification, which shows more its effects from region to region all over the world and particularly on certain continents, contains factors that will disturb the human future. One of these negative factors is the risk of creating food vulnerability by directly damaging agricultural areas. The risk of desertification reducing the quality of human life and threatening other living plants and habitats is a very important issue that should be highlighted by the international system. In this context, the study draws attention to the negative impact of global desertification, as well as the reduction of agricultural and arable land and the risks of declining crop yields. Among other problems caused by desertification, the study emphasizes socio-economic instability due to migration and climate-related conflicts, world hunger and lack of grain and food. In the study, the literature on global desertification, drought and arable agricultural land was searched and selected source information from the literature is included in the study. In addition, the study was supported by maps, graphs, and tables, as well as desertification researches and analyzes. Due to the limitation of the pages, other factors, such as global warming triggering desertification, have not been addressed, and environmental issues, which are directly damaged by desertification other than arable agricultural areas, are excluded from the field of this study.

Keywords Desertification, drought, arable agriculture, food insecurity, hunger, vulnerability

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Kaynakça

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